Narcolepsy is a brain disorder characterised by sleep attacks and abnormal eye movement which affects up to one in a thousand people.
Why they occur still isn't clear, but specialists say they have recently begun to understand the migraine as a brain disorder and not a vascular disorder.
This is a rare brain disorder that is caused by an autoimmune response which destroys the human equivalents of the ion channels that are affected in the mutant fruit fly.
In 2005, the company pulled its multiple sclerosis drug, Tysabri, from the market after a patient who was taking the drug in conjunction with another medication died of a rare brain disorder.
The two biotech firms have finished their safety review of Tysabri, the multiple sclerosis drug that the companies pulled from the market on Feb. 28 after it was linked to a rare brain disorder.
Compounds in preclinical tests target cystic fibrosis (30, 000 people plus a thousand new cases per year), Huntington's disease (30, 000 cases) and Rett syndrome, a rare inherited brain disorder.
The same study found that MdDS was a disorder of brain plasticity, which means that the neural pathways in the brain are unable to change in response to changes in behaviour or environment.
The most severe complication of measles - occurring in only one in 100, 000 cases - is a slowly-progressive brain disorder which does not normally show until some time after the original infection, causing seizures and even death.
Jurors have failed to reach a verdict on whether a student who suffered a brain injury at a university fees protest was guilty of violent disorder.
BBC: Alfie Meadows: Student protest jury fails to reach verdict
Bales' attorneys have said that he suffers from post-traumatic stress disorder and sustained a traumatic brain injury during a prior deployment to Iraq.
Biogen Idec and partner Elan had to pull their multiple sclerosis drug Tysabri after patients in clinical trials came down with a rare viral disorder that can lead to brain damage or death.
The unit found that the brain could be naturally vulnerable or even pre-disposed to the illness and could be more susceptible to an eating disorder following a physical change in the brain due to an event that happened in child hood.
The Food and Drug Administration has approved deep-brain stimulation to treat Parkinson's and a movement disorder known as dystonia, and it is used to treat chronic pain and severe depression.
Bipolar disorder is a treatable condition that affects parts of the brain controlling emotion, thought and drive, the Mayo Clinic says.
And despite the fact that hoarding has traditionally been seen as a symptom or subtype of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), brain activity in those who cannot de-clutter is also distinct from that of people with typical OCD, the study shows.
The devices, which induce a seizure by delivering an electrical current to a patient's brain, are used to treat intractable cases of depression, as well as bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and other mental disorders.
Huntington's disease is an hereditary neurological disorder of the central nervous system that causes progressive degeneration of cells in the brain, slowly impairing a person's ability to walk, think, talk and reason.
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