It requires the claimant to establish that they were owed a duty of care which was breached.
"We've got a duty of care to shoppers and traders to run a market safely, " said Mr Andrew.
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Theoretically the French state has a duty of care for unaccompanied minors, but these teenagers must prove their age.
But Labour councillor Lindsley Harvard said the authority had a duty of care to both employees and the public.
The farm has admitted liability but brought a claim against the HPA and Tandridge, arguing they owed it a duty of care.
"We have a duty of care to try to prevent young people descending into illegal activities which could ruin their lives, " she said.
"With the western governments you've got the view which is predominant that they've got a duty of care towards the hostages, " he added.
He is suing the agency for breaching the Environment Act 1995 claiming it had a duty of care to consult landowners when planning the otter initiative.
High Court judge Mr Justice Field said in 2010 that risk assessments were inadequate but the game was reasonably safe and there was no breach of a duty of care.
If people drink in pubs there would be a duty of care from the pub landlord or lady lady and they could turn them out when they got too drunk.
Crossbencher Lord Scott of Foscote, a former law lord, argued that all road users had a duty of care for others, regardless of whether they were motorists, pedestrians or cyclists.
It was originally dismissed in 2010 by a High Court judge who said risk assessments were inadequate but the game was reasonably safe and there was no breach of a duty of care.
"Dog owners already have a duty of care under the Animal Welfare Act but it can be difficult to ensure that this duty is being met without a reliable form of identification, " he said.
Pfizer also argues the state court should have noted that, for the consumer to have prevailed, there is a requirement that the drugmaker owed him what is known as a duty of care and disclosure.
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Judge Keyser said the agency did not have a duty of care to inform Mr Dobson that there were otters in the area and it was up to him to find that out for himself.
"It's up to every individual to make sure that when you observe care which is less than you expect to be giving or receiving then I think you have a duty of care to report that, " she added.
The first minister repeatedly backed his deputy, repeating that it was expected that each MSP should take on a constituent's case when approached and it was a duty of care as defined in the parliamentary code of conduct.
The court said that Mr Sutradhar had "no reasonable prospect of satisfying a court that in all the circumstances the NERC owed him a duty of care" which could have paved the way for damages to be awarded.
He said that after the BBC made its decision to air the programme "we then had a duty of care to staff and students to warn them of the consequences, and later that day we did through an internal email".
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"It is a complex set of relationships because, of course there is a duty of care for the company, a clear duty of care for parents and a clear duty of care for anyone in whose care a child is put, " he said.
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Anthony Collins Solicitors said the family had submitted a claim against the local authority, alleging it owed a duty of care to the children and that "the negligence of Birmingham City Council's social services and its refusal to act played a key part in the longevity of the abuse".
There are some limited exceptions to the preceding broad legal shield, such as when a publisher establishes a duty of care by carrying out its own investigation or analysis of a product or service and explicitly holds itself out as having done so, but that does not appear to be the case here.
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Our professional skepticism has to be that without strong audit standards and a strong duty of care and a strong sense of clarity about what auditors do we have to be skeptical that management and financial statement preparers will provide the information voluntarily or be willing to acknowledge the significance of the information.
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There was a "duty of care" to students entering the final year of their degree courses, said Mark Field.
However, the court also heard the company had a "duty of care" to ensure the work was carried out safely.
Analysts may have a legal duty of care for their retail customers, which means, for example, offering them only such advice as they would give to themselves.
When the certificant provides financial planning or material elements of financial planning, the certificant owes to the client the duty of care of a fiduciary as defined by the CFP Board.
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In a statement, Mid Staffordshire NHS Trust said it did not admit liability in this case and did not believe there had been a breach of duty of care to Mr Nash.
However, in one case the judges ordered a subsidiary, Shell Nigeria, to compensate a farmer for breach of duty of care by making it too easy for saboteurs to open an oil well head that leaked on to his land.
It was disastrous on the part of the senior officers who had a public duty and were paid to exercise that duty of care.
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