In light of all this, they suggest that insulin resistance, like obesity, should be viewed not as a pathology but as an adaptive response by the body to an excess of circulating lipids.

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To digress for a moment, it was biologist Felix Meerson who showed that high-altitude chambers where oxygen supply is limited, triggers an adaptive response that produces humans with profound mental capabilities and resistance against disease.

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He said it seemed to show an adaptive response to being treated well by our parents - women are making the underlying assumption people who look like their father might act in the same way as him.

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The adaptive dampers' response ranges from flinty to flintier, and stiffer springs, lightweight aluminum knuckles, and revised rear-end geometry give the XKR-S a bright, concussive ride that would pound commuters to dust.

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Whereas adaptive immunity is thought to be a response to specific bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites, innate immunity has always been seen as the body's general response to all threats of disease.

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'The choice of adaptation policies is significant as they may either reinforce community resilience, enabling them to mobilize fully their endogenous adaptive capacities, or hamper or undermine their response.

UNESCO: Social and Human Sciences