Not even two weeks ago, prosecutors won a case against another programmer named Samarth Agrawal.
In 1995, Dr. Agrawal quit his job as a government health minister to become a philanthropist.
Unlike Dr Agrawal's method, and its slower predecessors, these sometimes make mistakes, falsely attesting that a number is prime.
However, if Dr Agrawal's primality test can be extended to factoring numbers, it would mean a rejigging of modern cryptography.
Arora and Agrawal met as undergrads at UCLA. Arora, whose parents ran a vending supply business in San Leandro, Calif.
The participants focused on two areas: improving Dr Agrawal's technique, and using similar methods to attack other problems in number theory.
Hendrik Lenstra, of the University of California, Berkeley, discussed with the assembled company one way to simplify and speed up Dr Agrawal's algorithm.
And Dr Agrawal is interested in using similar techniques to investigate the long-standing problem of taking square roots in finite fields (again, don't ask).
As a trial Frito-Lay wanted to install 100 boxes at high school and college campuses, but Arora and Agrawal had built only one prototype.
Next year Arora and Agrawal plan to integrate credit card readers into their hardware, potentially allowing vendors to charge more for the same candy.
"There's a psychological ceiling right now at one dollar, " says Agrawal.
Even more important than reform of state companies, says Nisha Agrawal, the World Bank's principal economist in Hanoi, is the government's attitude towards private ones.
Various contributors agreed on the sheer scale of the technological difficulties, including Rajat Agrawal, a technology writer in Mumbai, and Amy Shira Teitel, a space historian in Phoenix.
Until Dr Agrawal's discovery, even these indirect methods were slow.
The 2010 National Medal of Technology and Innovation to Rakesh Agrawal, Purdue University, for an extraordinary record of innovations in improving the energy efficiency and reducing the cost of gas liquifaction and separation.
WHITEHOUSE: President Obama Honors the Country��s Top Innovators and Scientists | The White House
Back in 2002, Agrawal and two of his graduate students attained hero status by solving a math problem that folks had been working on since the ancient Greeks: How to tell for sure if a number is prime relatively quickly, without having to check all possible factors of the number.
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