It is worth noting that, in the meantime, associate IMF membership might also have the virtue of vitiating the prohibitions imposed by the 1934 Johnson Debt Default Act -- enabling the USSR for the first time to issue bonds and other securities instruments in the United States.

CENTERFORSECURITYPOLICY: Center For Security Policy

The tariff rise makes it harder for Chile to move from its present associate status to full membership of Mercosur.

ECONOMIST: Mercosur

Chile, a Mercosur associate since last year, had been expected to move soon to full membership.

ECONOMIST: The free-trade winds die away