This has prompted calls for heightened surveillance, including a wider role for the Bank for International Settlements (BIS), the Swiss-based central banks' central bank.

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Yet even the unflappable Bank for International Settlements (BIS) seems uneasy.

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Some eighty central bankers from both the East and West are meeting behind closed doors this week in Basel, Switzerland at the Bank for International Settlements (BIS).

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However, under international rules negotiated by government representatives through the Bank for International Settlements (BIS), government loans fit into a special category that has a 0% risk requirement.

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The Bank for International Settlements (BIS) argued in its recent annual report that huge growth in bank reserves was driving overnight-lending rates to zero, causing the market for unsecured overnight lending to atrophy.

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The IMF, World Bank and key regulatory agencies like the Bank for International Settlements (BIS) based in Basel should establish internationally agreed codes of best practices on monetary, financial and fiscal policy and corporate governance.

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As well as being the head of the Bank of Canada, he serves as chairman of the Basel-based Financial Stability Board (FSB) and as a member of the board of directors of the Bank for International Settlements (BIS).

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