If the bank authorises the chip and pin card to be used with a signature rather than a PIN number the bank and not the retailer will beliablefor any loss.
When boards reject proposals for additional disclosure of conflicts of interest, when they refuse to investigate wrongdoing that has been brought to their attention, they should be held personally liablefor any loss to the fund.
If an executor mismanages estate funds and this results in a lossfor the beneficiaries, the executor can be found personally liable, so it is important to know that a person named as an executor does have the right to refuse the position.