But he has doubts about whether they would help in a chemical or biological attack.
Ms O'Toole says that hardly any American cities have practised their response to a biological attack.
ECONOMIST: Biowarfare could be the worst terrorist threat of all
Mr Raffarin said that the threat of a biological attack by terrorists made access to vaccines imperative.
Troops had been sent to Iraq without equipment needed to survive a chemical or biological attack, he added.
Consider how the lines of authority would shift in the event of a chemical or biological attack on Anytown, America.
ECONOMIST: Anything useful to do, besides fighting the army?
Dealing with the ghastly consequences of a chemical or biological attack has always been part of their job, they point out.
ECONOMIST: Anything useful to do, besides fighting the army?
He's now told the world we'll never again use our nuclear weapons as a deterrent against a chemical or a biological attack.
The administration has also decided to retain U.S. stockpiles of the smallpox virus in order to continue research into combating a biological attack.
This compliance extends not only to the literal obligation not to produce and possess offensiveessentially no capability to defend against biological attack by others.
The same approach might even provide an antidote in the case of a biological attack, because bioweapons are also likely to rely on superantigens.
Now, a new effort is underway to prepare for the worst-case scenario: A terrorist biological attack that has the success of those on September 11.
It has left the investigation showing little progress, and a year later questions remain about how best America can protect itself against any future biological attack.
Worldwide smallpox vaccination was halted nearly twenty years ago, leaving most of the world's population with no immunity -and thus, easy victims of a Third World biological attack.
If there is a biological attack on U.S. soil, Cantor says, the method could be used to screen hundreds of thousands of patients to see if they are infected.
Across the European Union, there is broad agreement that the 15 member states need to co-operate in preparing for a chemical or biological attack, but little progress has been made.
The document will say "there remains a narrow range of contingencies in which the option of using nuclear weapons can play a role in deterring large-scale conventional, chemical or biological attack, " he said.
And in February 2003, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security advised Americans to stock up on duct tape and plastic sheeting so that they could seal their homes in the event of a chemical or biological attack.
DC, found that over 80% of past and present senior American officials, congressmen and non-government experts interviewed thought a biological attack in the next five to ten years to be likely, very likely or else a dead cert.
ECONOMIST: Bug-bombs and bacteria: Can the line against bio-terror hold? | The
As the initial shock wears off it will be obvious that this was a demonstration shot intended to extract political concessions and surrender, a call to fix our attention on the prospect of a nuclear detonation or a chemical or biological attack, both of which would exceed what happened yesterday by several orders of magnitude.
During the invasion, we wore chemical protective suits because of the fear of chemical or biological weapon attack.
U.S. or its allies suffering one chemical or biological weapons attack or many.
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They've sent a very clear message to our enemies that a chemical or a biological weapons attack on this nation could be met with and likely would be met with a nuclear response.
When the risk is not hundreds of people killed in a conventional attack but tens or hundreds of thousands killed by chemical, biological or nuclear attack, the time factor is even more compelling.
Neither would be of much immediate use to the direct victims of a biological or nuclear attack.
Blue Gene will speed along at 1, 000 teraflops and will also be used to attack biological problems.
Asked what they though terrorists might do next, 37 percent said attack with chemical or biological weapons, while 18 percent expect a bombing or an attack on a public place or infrastructure.
Not long ago, the Bush administration quietly asserted that it might use nuclear weapons in a conflict first if the US suffers a biological or chemical weapons attack.
It was to help the UK to assess the risk of an attack using biological agents by providing important information about their likely dispersion in the open air during the Cold War.
In order to reduce the danger of a potential terrorist attack using biological agents, it is necessary to detect rapidly and precisely the deadly microorganisms before they can spread--the average doubling time of a bacterial population is a little over 20 minutes at room temperature.
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