But it has been complicated by a bilateral agreement on adoption.

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The transfer of advanced U.S. technology and arrangements for some "flow-back" of Japanese innovations were authorized by a bilateral agreement between the two governments concluded in November 1988 after years of negotiation.

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Another al-Maliki adviser, Sadeq al-Rikabi, said the contract would be temporary since the U.N. mandate under which the United States operates in Iraq will expire at the end of the year, to be replaced by a bilateral agreement under negotiation.

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Although some 30, 000 of the 74, 000 Soviet troops in Czechoslovakia are reported to have left by June 1990 and the remainder are scheduled to be removed from Czechoslovakian soil by June 1991 pursuant to a bilateral agreement between Moscow and Prague signed earlier this year, key headquarters and logistical elements remain in place and available to support a much larger military force in the future.

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This will be facilitated by bringing into force and implementing the bilateral adoptions agreement signed last year.

WHITEHOUSE: The White House

In other words, President Bush risks having a unilateral decision to reduce American strategic nuclear forces by two-thirds over the next decade morphed by his Secretary of State into a binding bilateral agreement, replete with verification mechanisms carried forward from earlier arms control treaties.

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But he added that a bilateral security agreement between the US and Afghanistan is expected by November of this year.

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Without both, Ecuador will not get the stand-by agreement with the Fund that it needs to renegotiate its debts to bilateral official lenders abroad, and open the door to new multilateral lending.

ECONOMIST: Ecuador

Importantly, the agreement creates a United States-Afghanistan bilateral commission that will be chaired by foreign ministers on both sides that will meet semi-annually and that will oversee implementation of this agreement and other agreements with the Afghans.

WHITEHOUSE: Via Conference Call

While the relocation faces some opposition in Congress and Japan, the announcement of an agreement signaled a desire by the countries to work together on a way forward in bilateral relations.

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The United States has negotiated a bilateral security agreement in Iraq that requires the departure of all U.S. troops by the end of 2011.

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