Indeed, the UNN project is further subdivided into three major experimental sub units namely: Mushroom, Plant and animal Cell tissue culture.
As the source of every cell, tissue and organ in the body, their medical application has the potential to repair damaged tissue, regrow internal organs and cure currently incurable diseases like cystic fibrosis, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
The principal aim of the grant is to evaluate the molecular mechanisms and underlying pathways of tissue engineering and cell therapy for regenerating airways and lung tissue, and to carry out translational studies for the prevention and effective treatment of a wide range of diseases.
That is, the cell could be "coached" into becoming any type of tissue or cell in the body.
Researchers highly value embryonic stem cells because of their potential to turn into any organ or tissue cell in the body.
The potential applications for medical science are impressive enough, but consider this additional benefit: since the droplets contain no genetic material, scientists can completely sidestep all the ethical red tape surrounding the alternative stem cell approach to artificial tissue.
Lott, who had been circumspect on the issue previously, said he has concluded that he can support only those stem-cell studies that use adult tissue.
CNN: Lott says he's opposed to federal funding of stem-cell research
Doerflinger said his group is in favor of federal funding of research on non-embryonic stem cell lines, using adult tissue, or tissue from fetuses which died of natural causes.
To repair complex or oddly shaped tissue defects, an injectable cell carrier is desirable to achieve accurate fit and to minimize surgery, he says.
A. A stem cell is a pluripotent cell, meaning a cell that can develop into any kind of tissue.
However, no genetic diagnosis means no reason to take a cell in the first place, so no tissue typing, it says.
The patients who had the stem cell marker protein Lamin A present in their tissue were more likely to have an aggressive form of the disease.
In non-small cell lung cancer, for instance, the tissue samples needed to identify these genetic markers are not routinely taken for practical reasons, says Mark Kris , an oncologist at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Hospital in New York who has worked with Iressa and with OSI's Tarceva.
In particular, low-status individuals showed high levels of activity in genes associated with the production of various immune-related cells and chemical signalling factors, as well as those to do with inflammation (a general immune response that involves tissue swelling and increased immune-cell activity in the affected area).
The scientific basis of all this is that foreskin tissue is rich in a particular sort of cell that HIV likes very much.
"This is a stem cell that is generated by the body's own tissue so the immune system does not recognise it and they can get any place they want without being attacked, " said Prof Rambukkana.
The issue of cloning and embryonic stem cell research intersect when it comes to possible uses of cloned tissue as a source of stem cells.
The long-term hope is to treat patients with some sort of stem cell that could turn into beating heart muscle and replace dead cardiac tissue with fully functioning new cells.
If the same cell taken out to test for illness can also be tested for a tissue match, it says, that's fine.
"Essentially we know the ZIP code of vessels within a certain tissue, we can program the address on the surface of the cell, " he said.
When such a cell divides, at least one of its daughters is also a stem cell (the other may set off on the route to specialisation that allows stem cells to generate new tissue).
In addition to the extremely expensive process of cloning, for each patient you have to culture stem cells and reliably turn them into the tissue you want with 100% efficiency, so you don't get a single left over stem cell that will cause tumors.
CNN: Human stem cell cloning: 'Holy Grail' or techno-fantasy?
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