Since January 2004, several members of the Benchellali family have been held on such charges, linked to plans for a chemical bomb.
Not least, since technology seldom works flawlessly and there are plenty of other ways of delivering a nuclear, chemical or bug bomb, any future defences have to work in ways that strengthen deterrence and diplomacy the traditional means of dealing with threats to peace not undermine them.
The UN's resolution 1540 obliges all governments to stop nuclear (and chemical and biological) bomb-making materials falling into terrorist hands.
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More than 2, 100 U.S. troops have died in Iraq since the invasion, which Bush and top aides argued was necessary to strip Iraq of chemical and biological weapons and efforts to develop a nuclear bomb.
Making chemical weapons agents may not be quite as easy as making a pipe bomb, but it is not too much harder.
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He said Iraq had stepped up its production of chemical and biological weapons, and might even be close to developing a nuclear bomb.
In fact, Libya's effort to concoct an atom bomb never got very far, and its small stock of rudimentary chemical weapons is probably already in the rubbish bin.
The United States and its allies invaded Iraq in March 2003, accusing Saddam Hussein's regime of concealing stocks of chemical and biological weapons, long-range missiles and efforts to develop a nuclear bomb from U.N. weapons inspectors.
The United States and its allies sought explicit Security Council authorization to use force against Iraq, warning that Baghdad was defying U.N. resolutions demanding it give up chemical and biological weapons, long-range missiles and efforts to develop a nuclear bomb.
The presence or attempted acquisition of large quantities of household chemicals or fertilizers that could be used in bomb-making is another clear tip off, as are unusual odors or chemical burns.
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For many years the Syrian regime regarded the possession of a powerful arsenal of ballistic missiles armed with chemical warheads (including nerve agents) as its strategic counter-weight to the Israeli nuclear bomb.
Israel has made clear both its determination to prevent the Arabs getting a nuclear bomb and, without saying so, its readiness to respond with nuclear weapons if attacked with chemical ones.
Manholes have been welded shut, bomb-sniffing dogs are a familiar sight, and plans have been drafted for responses to possible chemical or biological attacks.
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