In Santiago de Compostela on Saturday, the Pope warned of an "aggressive anti-clericalism" in Spain which was akin to that experienced during the 1930s.

BBC: Pope Benedict consecrates Barcelona's Sagrada Familia

But to the French, who fought hard-won battles against authoritarian clericalism, it stems from a secular wish to keep religion in the private sphere.

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There is a troubling clericalism in African Catholicism that is similar to, and in some cases worse than, the dictatorial tendencies, corruption and lack of accountability among African politicians.

CNN: What Africans want from the next pope

But his latest cause is anti-clericalism.

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