As a group, the pure-play investment banks have relied heavily on short-term funding, particularly repo transactions in which counterparties take collateral as security against the cash they lend.
Banks could borrow as much as they needed purely on the strength of their names and reputations from other banks and financial institutions without providing any collateral or security.
Using an ERP, the owner remains on title to the real estate or business, whilst a third party depletes its value, typically through a bogus mortgage or some other arrangement whereby the asset is used as collateral or security for a debt.
But if the money were to come from the EFSF, well in those circumstances Finland has said it would fear that the money would be too much at risk of loss - so it is demanding collateral or security for its share of any such loan.
It is the security or collateral that banks provide to those from whom they borrow.
Now you did have to put up some security, some collateral, against that loan.
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Taking care of employees, leading by example and demonstrating that you're interested in helping build their security will have a collateral benefit.
The ECB has a pretty generous and broad definition of the assets or collateral it is prepared to take as security for loans to banks.
Firms that lend out safe collateral will need to apply rigorous haircuts on the riskier collateral they accept to ensure they have ample security if a counterparty implodes.
National Security forces strictly control visitors, and those who have seen the collateral are mostly people with press passes, or police and military badges.
Inefficient energy use is what's bad for the economy, as is the collateral damage in terms of pollution, erosion of water resources, and international security that accompanies old-school fossil fuel and nuclear solutions on the supply side.
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