While the central issue involves an arbitration contract, this case is really about the economics of class actions, which allow lawyers to bundle together hundreds or millions of small claims into a very powerful weapon to induce companies to settle on their terms.

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Unhappy about this turn of events, in 2001 DPTG initiated binding arbitration proceedings provided for in its contract with Polish Telecom.

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The bill also imposes a compulsory arbitration regime that results in an automatic two-year union "contract" after 130 days of failed negotiation.

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The Federal Arbitration Act has roots in the historic hostility of state judges to any sort of private contract that diminished their ability to question its terms.

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