Poor infrastructure and Byzantine customs procedures are partly to blame for the gap between supply and demand.

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At a summit last year in Bali, they pledged to streamline customs procedures and to adopt shared product standards.

ECONOMIST: Free trade in South-East Asia

As part of its deal with the United Nations, the Uzbek government said it would also allow humanitarian flights to land directly at Termez airport, bypassing customs procedures in Tashkent.

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That agenda had included plans to reduce the costs of doing business across borders by 5% over the next few years by, among other things, streamlining customs procedures and speeding up applications for export permits.

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Clean-ups in the tax and customs authorities have impressed some businessmen, while vexing others who say procedures are now gummed up.

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The U.S. Customs Service said the added scrutiny is not an overreaction to threats of terrorism, but the result of following procedures during a heightened state of alert.

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