Ecosystems and environmental change: over the past decade it has become clear that most of the deep-water ecosystems (cold-water corals) are highly influenced by the presence of deep-water circulation.

UNESCO: EARTH SCIENCES FOR SOCIETY

Moreover, the role of deep-water circulation on the growth and distribution of ferromanganese nodules is still under debate.

UNESCO: EARTH SCIENCES FOR SOCIETY

However, both economically as well as for the large scientific and public community, the processes and products of deep-water circulation remain poorly known.

UNESCO: EARTH SCIENCES FOR SOCIETY

Based upon the success of the first Deep-Water Circulation congress in Baiona (16-18 June 2010), an initiative has been developed to start an International Geoscience Programme (IGCP) on Contourites.

UNESCO: EARTH SCIENCES FOR SOCIETY

Paleoceanography and global change: deep and shallow water circulation is driven by climate.

UNESCO: EARTH SCIENCES FOR SOCIETY