Employment rules and trade-union pressure frustrate efforts to change working practices or cut costs.
In one corner, the powerful negative forces of debt deleveraging will continue to pressure the economy, employment, and income growth in a potentially negative way.
Eurodollars also faced some pressure following better reports on employment and housing.
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If it fails, there will be pressure to break up the Federal Employment Agency, or privatise it.
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The employment cost index, another measure of wage pressure which is available only up to the end of September, shows annual growth of 3.7% in the year to the third quarter in the fully employed mid-west, up from 2.8% a year earlier.
Moreover, the brokers who work in these companies are under similar pressure to generate sufficient revenue or seek employment elsewhere.
If lower capital spending and pressure on the export sector reduce overall employment growth, that will quickly dampen income and hence spending.
On the campaign trail both the main US presidential candidates are under pressure to say how they would create more employment.
More price pressure from that sector could be a drag on employment, and on economic growth in general.
But these supply increases are probably temporary: once employment growth stabilises, fast job growth would mean bringing the unemployment rate down further, which increases pressure on wages.
Lt Col Turner said that while the economy had put pressure on some people to leave the army to focus on their main jobs or seek employment elsewhere, others valued the pay and skills offered by the TA even more.
However, even if the decrease came from legitimate employment gains, it would be hard to argue that an 8.8% unemployment rate would put upward pressure on wages.
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