The energy-intensive industries account for around 2% of UK GDP and 2% of jobs.
This, too, can be produced in an energy-intensive industrial process that starts with salt.
Most attention centres on the capture part of the process, which is the most energy-intensive.
Because milling gold ore is an energy-intensive process, lower energy prices help to reduce operating costs.
In 2016, energy-intensive and trade-exposed industries receive allowances to upset both their direct and indirect compliance costs.
These targeted refunds would prevent high emitting foreign plants from destroying efficient energy-intensive industries in the United States.
Another author, Julian Allwood, from Cambridge University, has been studying the five most energy-intensive sectors: steel, aluminium, cement, plastics and paper.
The energy-intensive industries believe that prices are being manipulated by the gas suppliers.
The process is energy-intensive, and releases brine into the surrounding ocean, which has the potential to harm marine life.
And America's economy is becoming ever less energy-intensive, and less dependent on imports.
And while recycling appears to be the automatic safe option, critics complain that recycling is too labor-intensive, energy-intensive and costly.
But the costly distillation process is so energy-intensive that just 1.1 units of energy are produced for every unit used.
The amount of commercial building space rose about 25%, and total residential space (much less energy-intensive) grew about 50%.
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Alongside the Bill, ministers will announce plans to exempt energy-intensive industries from additional costs arising from the transition to low-carbon energy.
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Energy conservation, a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption.
These measures hurt the environment because they force the world's poorest countries to rely heavily on commodities a particularly energy-intensive and ungreen sector.
Silicon, the major raw material used in the manufacture of solar panels, requires an energy-intensive process to turn it into solar-grade silicon.
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The companies involved read like a Who's Who of industrial America: high-value, energy-intensive businesses like steel, aluminum, plastics, glass, vehicles and packaging.
Cement is a notoriously energy-intensive business, so it will be interesting to watch when Cemex begins to make public its carbon footprint.
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But look beyond the most energy-intensive sectors, and the notion that high oil prices are quashing demand and wrecking firms is overdone.
On the other hand, oil-importing emerging economies to which heavy industry has shifted have become more energy-intensive, and so could be more seriously squeezed.
The most energy-intensive consumers are shielded from the feed-in tariff, leaving ordinary folk, including pensioners and the unemployed, to foot the bill.
But decentralisation, deregulation and a huge infrastructure boom have boosted demand for power, and China's economy is now becoming more, not less, energy-intensive.
Unless we produce biofuels sustainably, we'll end up with more energy-intensive and environmentally damaging farming practices and hasten the degradation of our ecosystems.
Unconventional oil production (whether from shale or oil sands) is an energy-intensive process, and emits more CO2 than conventional extractive methods do.
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Instead, the government exempted some energy-intensive firms from the Climate Change Levy - a measure designed to force industries to use energy more frugally.
Producing lamb in New Zealand and shipping it to Britain uses less energy than producing British lamb, because farming in New Zealand is less energy-intensive.
Under a cap and trade system, whether the chief financial officer places the right bet on purchasing permits can make or break an energy-intensive company.
Japanese investors are wagering that cheap energy prices could lead to a revival of the American steel and chemical industries, as well other energy-intensive manufacturing.
The Chinese government has started to discourage the expansion of energy-intensive industries, including aluminium and steelmaking, in an effort to ease the burden on its grid.
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