His own party, the Democratic Progressive Party, is expunging the explicit pro-independence plank from its platform.

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And American politics will be cleaner for the expunging of the malicious fantasy of the president's non-Americanness.

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Hard-core Islamists despise Ataturk for abolishing the caliphate in 1924 and expunging piety from the public space.

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But the Basques have much further to go before expunging Spanish.

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This is largely due to one man. 10.05.37 Music 10.05.43 Narrator After the fall of the Muslim Ottoman Empire in the early nineteen twenties, Mustafa Kemal or Ataturk, the father of the Turks, was determined that Turkey should become a more westernised country. 10.05.56 Music 10.05.58 Narrator He ruthlessly set about expunging Islam from every aspect of daily life.

BBC