The virus is passed from dog to dog and can be contracted by contaminated dog faecal matter.
BBC: Parvovirus: Fatal dog virus spread 'may be due to cost'
You're going to get covered with faecal material, recognise it, deal with it, then make a choice.
The virus is highly contagious and spreads through the faecal-oral route - via contaminated water or food.
Rarely, some patients have faecal transplants as a way of restoring the balance of bacteria in the gut.
The study, published in PLoS Pathogens, builds on faecal transplant procedures - which are used to introduce competing bacteria.
Polio is transmitted by faecal-oral contact, and a lot of this goes on in the crowded and unhygienic refugee camps around Luanda.
In this latest study, researchers at the Sanger Institute, near Cambridge, tried to find exactly which bacteria in faecal transplants were needed to clear the infection.
It can be spread by putting something in the mouth that had been contaminated with traces of faecal matter from an infected person, even if it appeared clean.
Though faecal transplantation for C. difficile has still to undergo a formal clinical trial, with a proper control group, it looks a promising (and cheap) answer to a serious threat.
Thirteen suffered faecal incontinence after the first birth.
How unusual Dr Marlar discovered when he applied his biochemical assay to the coprolite and found traces of human myoglobin, which were not detected in prehistoric coprolites from other sites or in modern faecal samples.
Delvoye is no stranger to controversy: he is perhaps best known for his work Cloaca, an installation composed of a large machine reproducing the effects of the human digestive system to create, in essence, industrial faecal matter .
Mark Mellow of the Baptist Medical Centre in Oklahoma City uses such faecal transplants to treat infections of Clostridium difficile, a bug that causes severe diarrhoea and other symptoms, particularly among patients already in hospital.
应用推荐