Government procurement rules favour black-controlled firms in media, transport and retailing, but annual state spending of some 100 billion rand cannot all be diverted to black firms.

ECONOMIST: Black empowerment in South Africa

Rebel forces took up arms in Darfur in February 2003, accusing the government of discriminating against black Africans in favour of Arabs.

BBC: NEWS | Africa | Oxfam closes two Darfur offices

The conflict began 10 years ago when rebels began attacking government targets, accusing Khartoum of oppressing black Africans in favour of Arab communities.

BBC: Darfur war crimes suspect rebel Jerbo 'killed in Sudan'

The conflict in Darfur began in 2003 when rebels began attacking government targets, accusing Khartoum of oppressing black Africans in favour of Arabs.

BBC: Sudan Darfur donor conference raises $3.6bn

In the audit committee's favour, however, the report says that Lord Black often misled the board, and that its members co-operated fully with the company's investigation.

ECONOMIST: Corporate scandals

Instead of Nelson Mandela, Mr Hague's warm-up act was Jim Davidson, who has dropped his old jokes about his black mate "Chalky White" in favour of jibes about his previous wives.

BBC: Hague: the people's prime minister?

Boston, for instance, has seen similar falls in its murder rate, yet it rejected zero-tolerance policing in favour of close co-ordination between the police, probation officers and black leaders, and an effort to get guns off the streets.

ECONOMIST: The dark side of zero tolerance

He joined one of the city's most prominent black churches, Trinity United, and abandoned his youthful agnosticism in favour of Christianity (Trinity's Afrocentric bent, with its African visitors and women dressed in African robes, may have particularly appealed to the son of an African).

ECONOMIST: Barack Obama

Among black voters, though, Mrs Clinton's early strong lead has eroded in favour of Mr Obama.

ECONOMIST: The candidates: Hillary Clinton