They also consumed more calcium, iron, folate, fiber, and vitamins C, E, B6, and B12.
"Possible factors might be nutritional factors other than folate, metabolic factors, genetic factors, " she said.
But only the folate group showed a response, demonstrating that the same people do not take both folate and fish oil.
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Many women of childbearing age in Scotland are known to be deficient in key nutrients including iron, calcium, folate and vitamin D.
The UK's chief medical officers have already recommended that folate be added to flour, and the decision now rests with government ministers.
There is increasing support in the science, like folate, like calcium.
We see high HgA1Cs that are accurate measurements, but not reflective of glucose control in people with low red cell turnover from iron, vitamin B12 or folate deficiency.
The race was one of 21 events Schwartz will hit in Texas, Florida and Wisconsin this year to market Stampede Light, enhanced with thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, pyridoxine and folate.
Other components of soy foods, such as folate, protein, calcium, or fiber (or some combination thereof) may also be responsible for the health benefits reported in the study, she says.
One theory suggested that folate had boosted the growth of tiny, as-yet undetected cancers or pre-cancers, allowing them to be diagnosed earlier and giving the impression that cancer rates had increased.
These little beans are nutrition powerhouses, packing protein, fiber, iron, manganese, folate, thiamin, potassium and other nutrients into a modest calorie count, with just a speck of fat and no cholesterol.
Vitamins B6, B12, and folate nourish follicle cells, too.
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In the previously discussed folate paper the Methods section points out how the authors manipulated the stratification of subjects based on what they already believed regarding when folate would be active during pregnancy.
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Whatever the veracity of these claims, the tasty little leaves are unquestionably a superfood: Gram for gram, watercress contains more vitamin C than oranges do, more calcium than milk, more iron than spinach and more folate than bananas.
The doses of folate tended to be much higher than those proposed for mandatory fortification of flour, but a slight increase in cancer incidence recorded in this group did not reach statistical significance, meaning it could be the product of chance alone.
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