Gamma ray bursts are large, high energy explosions that last only a short period of time.
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INTEGRAL, the International Gamma Ray Astrophysics Laboratory, was designed by the European Space Agency to replace Compton.
Scientists have uncovered evidence showing that a gamma ray burst may have irradiated the Earth over 1200 years ago.
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In this scenario, the gamma ray burst was caused by a large, comet-like object that fell into a neutron star.
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That debris would not only have produced the gamma ray burst, but also some X-ray emissions that were also observed from the explosion.
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The orbiter will carry instruments to study gamma ray and heat emissions from the planet and construct a global map of the planet's elemental composition.
Fusa Miyake discovered Carbon-14 and Beryllium-10 traces in tree rings from the era, which point to a gamma ray burst from a celestial body other than the Sun.
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Proposed sources of such high heating in the early solar nebula have included everything from colliding asteroids, gamma ray bursts, solar x-ray flares, even lightning in the proto-planetary disk itself.
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Now, an international team of astronomers has trained the Fermi space-based gamma ray telescope on V407 Cygni, a "binary" system comprising a white dwarf star and a red giant companion, 9, 000 light-years away.
Precision steerable drilling hugely benefits from yet more technology real-time data from a technique called logging-while-drilling using technologies like gamma ray and neutron sensors that continuously analyze and report what precisely is in the ground at that point.
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After analyzing the data, one team of scientists has concluded that the most likely scenario for this gamma ray burst is that it was the result of a collision between two neutron stars or a neutron star and a black hole.
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X-ray and gamma-ray spectrometer, a magnetometer and a laser range-finder, as well as good, old-fashioned digital photography.
Many Americans recognize the unsurpassed science and inspiration that have come from the Hubble Space Telescope over the past two decades, as well as from its less famous sister satellites like the Chandra X-ray Observatory, the Spitzer Space (Infrared) Telescope and the Fermi gamma-ray observatory.
In the hours after this unusual gamma-ray burst was discovered, astrophysicists rushed to learn more.
This evidence is suggestive that rather than a typical supernova, this was actually a gamma-ray burst.
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But gamma-ray telescopes are also confused by charged particles trapped in the earth's magnetic field.
To help provide the answer, officials are using gamma-ray and neutron devices that can peer into containers.
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Thus, the shape and metals of W49B show the explosion has the jets we associate with gamma-ray bursts.
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Too bright, it appears, for any of the existing theories of gamma-ray bursts.
Just nine days later, the bright nearby burst happened, leading to the Fermi detection of the highest energy gamma-ray ever.
To detect and explain this previously unknown type of gamma-ray burst is a real achievement for the University of Warwick.
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"I'm in shock and awe at how bright it is, " said Julie McEnery, project scientist for the Fermi gamma-ray telescope.
Since its launch in 2004, Swift has detected over 700 gamma-ray bursts.
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But there is still controversy about what causes them, and that will not be resolved until the gamma-ray window is clear again.
Dr Andrew Levan from the University of Warwick says these longer gamma-ray bursts are actually caused by really, really big stars going supernova.
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But for a short-lived event such as a gamma-ray burst it means that the same blast may become visible again in the future.
Had it been situated in a much more distant galaxy -- as many gamma-ray bursts are -- its signal would have been relatively feeble.
But they are particularly associated with events called gamma-ray bursts, which are the biggest explosions yet detected in the universe brighter than a billion suns.
Almost as an afterthought, it had a gamma-ray detector bolted on.
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