The mutation freezes a crucial protein called epidermal growth factor receptor in the "on" position.
The drug turns on the gene that stimulates production of vascular endothelial growth factor.
The protein is a growth factor that leads to the production of certain immune cells, called B-cells.
All three drugs target the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a protein that is over-expressed in cancer cells.
But instead of targeting the growth factor, it blocks the receptor by which it VEGF attaches to cells.
The VEGF gene is so-called because it controls production of a substance known as vascular endothelial growth factor.
Avastin does this by inhibiting a protein called the vascular endothelial growth factor.
Drugs like Iressa target a protein called the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which tells cells when to divide.
Trading for close to 10x sales per share means that the market has already priced-in a substantial growth factor.
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Avastin works by inhibiting a protein called the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).
The latest work revolves around two culprit proteins, transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF).
One reason could be that epidermal growth factor, the protein Iressa blocks, wasn't the right one to begin with.
As men more and more become fashion consumers, there is an inherent built-in growth factor in menswear as a business.
Drug companies including Sanofi, Merck and Pfizer are working on anticancer drugs that block insulin-like growth factor, a related molecule.
By blocking a protein called the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), it prevents arteries from growing around tumors, literally starving them.
Children who are lacking in insulin-like growth factor one, or IGF-1, can have short stature--making them smaller than 97.5% of normal children.
However, when the rats were treated with artemin, a nerve growth factor which is also found in humans, the hypersensitivity was relieved.
Of particular interest is an antibody for a growth factor called IGF-1 that is related to the same biochemical pathway Erbitux hits.
Skeptical colleagues believed he had merely rediscovered the well-known fibroblast growth factor.
Both pills inhibit a receptor for a protein called the epidermal growth factor (EGF) that many tumors seem to depend upon to grow.
The molecule - epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) - relays instructions to cells to grow and divide, and to ignore signals telling them to die.
Hunting for other targets in the early 1980s, he focused on a protein called epidermal growth factor, or EGF, then a hot area of research.
At present, the identity of this growth factor is a mystery.
Amgen has moved two other cancer drugs in final stage trials, including an antibody to insulin-like growth factor 1 that is being tested in pancreatic cancer.
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Lapatinib, it turns out, also inhibits the activity of a protein called the epidermal growth factor receptor, which has been found to be important for stem-cell proliferation.
The vitamin also appears to trigger the production of a protein called nerve growth factor, which directs the development of nerve cells and promotes their long-term survival.
They found that platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) showed promise.
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She said they were currently funding research into drugs that mimic the action of nerve growth factor (NGF), the name given to the gene therapy involving stimulating cell function.
The public has mostly focused on Erbitux's ability to slow tumor growth by blocking epidermal growth factor receptor, a key growth-promoting protein that is overabundant in many cancer cells.
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