Some say that companies are gulled into paying more than they need to by the activities of pay consultants and headhunters.

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In the 1950s, when the doctrine was first elucidated, and in the 1960s and 1970s, the Phillips curve gulled central bankers left and right, above all at the U.S. Fed.

FORBES: Chairman Bernanke Buries the Phillips Curve: Bravo!

To this day most Americans have been gulled into believing that the Federal Reserve was chartered in 1913 to serve as a last-resort lender to banks that were supposedly an essential economic input.

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In fact, it was eerily familiar: In 2000, Esquire gulled many with a profile of a company called Freewheelz, which supposedly offered free cars to drivers willing to tool around in a vehicle that served as a mobile billboard.

FORBES: From April Fool's Joke to Mobile Advertising Reality