But when Gates examined the situation more closely, he discovered that one reason people have lots of children is because of high infant mortality rates.
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Ranked at number 23, the UK had fewer women in Parliament and higher maternal and infant mortality rates than much of Europe, Save the Children reported.
The CDC database is the primary repository for the government's information on everything from infant mortality rates and cancer deaths to accidental poisonings and heart disease.
It turns out that making money means creating affordable, transformative technologies that fight hunger, alleviate poverty, raise income levels, preserve water and decrease infant mortality rates.
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It also boasts the lowest birth and infant mortality rates, more hospital beds than any other state, plus the greatest per-capita supply of foodgrain through the state public distribution system.
Despite the trappings of Westernization in major cities, a literacy rate of just 61 percent and high infant mortality rates betray the reality of India's status as an emerging nation.
Only three developed countries have higher infant mortality rates.
Starting with children under one, by 2010, it aims to reduce by at least ten per cent the difference in infant mortality rates between manual groups and the rest of the population.
According to the Gates Foundation website, the focus of the family planning initiative will be on urban areas in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia, areas where maternal and infant mortality rates are high and contraception use is low.
Infant mortality rates plunged.
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As of date, about 40% of India's children are left out of the UIP - upping these numbers would make a huge difference to current infant mortality rates in the country (57 per 1, 000 live births according to the National Family Health Survey of 2005-2006 but as low as 15 in the state of Kerala).
In American states, for example, race is a far more accurate predictor of murder, imprisonment and infant-mortality rates, says Mr Saunders.
Infant-mortality rates are down and prosperity is up.
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The crucial influences, Mr Wang reckons, are the benefits of development, including better health care and sharp drops in high infant-mortality rates which led people to have many children in order to ensure that at least some would survive.
Moreover, in the ARMM, high infant and maternal mortality rates have also been reported.
With rates of infant mortality about 15 times higher than those today, many of your generation did well to make it.
Researchers found that during periods of increasing inequality a 1% rise in GDP resulted in minor decreases infant mortality (0.92 %) and had absolutely no effect on TB mortality rates or life expectancy.
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"While conditions in Somalia have improved in recent months, the country still has one of the highest rates of child malnutrition and infant mortality in the world, " Ben Foot, from the charity Save the Children, said in a statement.
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