In law, he established the principle of judicial review, giving the courts authority over the political branch.

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The principle of judicial procedure and court protection for individual rights is embedded in the Bolivarian-inspired 1999 constitution.

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The minister said there was always the possibility of the exceptional case and he supported the principle of judicial discretion.

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The judge also said that the law "impermissibly attempts to circumscribe a court's ability to review the necessity of nondisclosure orders, " violating the principle that allows the judicial branch to review laws and executive actions.

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No judicial decision or applicable treaty contradicts this principle, and the U.S. Supreme Court has established that works of international legal scholars can be acceptable as evidence of the law.

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In one important respect, this appellate court decision was a victory for the Obama administration, because it did persuade the appellate court to find that various other portions of the bill are in principle separate for the purposes of judicial review.

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Judge Lord Malcolm rejected Tesco's bid for a judicial review of Highland Council's approval in principle of Asda's planned store in Tain.

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Robert Jay QC, for inquiry chairman Lord Justice Leveson, said the application for a judicial review was "premature" as the chairman had only agreed in principle to receive anonymous evidence.

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On Monday, Argentine President Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner called the agreement to set up a judicial commission "historic", saying it guaranteed "the right to due process of law, a fundamental principle of international criminal law".

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