Air circulation patterns aboard standard commercial aircraft are side-to-side (laminar), with air entering the cabin from overhead, circulating across the aircraft and exiting the cabin near the floor.

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And it is this shift in balance which has resulted in a silent transition, flipping from an environment which was far more predictable, Newtonian and laminar, to a turbulent and more complex new world.

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S. in civil engineering from the University of Utah and a masters in design from Stanford, owns more than 50 patents on water control, lighting and air-compression devices, as well as laminar stream technology, which turns water jets into shapes that appear solid and motionless.

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