Central America has fallen into a Hobbesian trap: the better-off make private arrangements there are five times as many private security guards as policemen or soldiers in Guatemala, and four times as many in Honduras and therefore block efforts to levy the tax revenues necessary to strengthen the state.
Costa Rica's government has sent bills to congress that would tax money earned abroad, levy the sales tax on services as well as goods, and introduce a single form for income tax.
Republicans call the levy the "death tax, " arguing that it forces the sale of small, family-owned farms and businesses because the tax is based on the estate's value.
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So far the government's only economic initiatives have been to scrap an unpopular house levy and reduce the tax on overtime.
When Congress increased the capital gains tax levy in 1986, the so-called experts at the Joint Committee on Taxation estimated that this tax increase would increase capital gains revenues.
Russia, which was critical of the tax levy on bank accounts because its locals account for nearly all of the foreign accounts on the island, failed to offer Cyprus financial support on Wednesday.
Media reports say the size of the tax levy would amount to 5.8 billion, or a little more than half of the bailout fund.
Media reports throughout Europe say the size of the tax levy would amount to 5.8 billion, or a little more than half of the bailout fund.
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In most of the Gulf states, which do not even levy income tax, duties are the third-biggest source of government finance after oil exports and investment income.
They charge up to ten times more than informal channels, must change money at official rates and, in some countries, levy a tax on the exchange.
But Tory former minister John Redwood, leader of his party's policy group on economic competitiveness, branded the bank levy a tax on lending money to businesses and individuals.
He said the Aggregates Levy was a stealth tax introduced by Gordon Brown, but that the derogation scheme for Northern Ireland had introduced effective environmental controls to the quarry industry.
To try to get a sense of what such a levy would do to the tax burden across incomes, the Tax Policy Center analyzed a generic consumption tax designed to replace most federal taxes.
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In some places Taleban levy a tax on the proceeds of the opium crop but they deny media reports that this nets them a small fortune to pursue their conflict with their opponents of the northern alliance.
As with the capital-gains tax, the new levy doesn't apply to assets held at death.
The Alternative Minimum Tax, a levy originally aimed at the rich, is set to hit 30m middle-class Americans.
France, seeking fresh ways to raise funds and frustrated that American technology companies that dominate its digital economy are largely beyond the reach of French fiscal authorities, has proposed a new levy: an Internet tax on the collection of personal data.
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Stormont wants to reduce the tax - which is a levy paid on the profits of companies - to equal, or even below, the 12.5% rate of its island neighbour, the Republic of Ireland.
But they may be having second thoughts now that Chavalit has rescinded the gasoline levy -- that tax and new surcharges on luxury goods were meant to help Thailand meet its commitment to the IMF for a budget surplus of 1% of 1998 GDP.
The bill would include an extension of a provision to protect millions of middle-class Americans from paying the Alternative Minimum tax, a levy initially designed to affect only the wealthiest Americans but that was not indexed for inflation.
Labour backbencher John McDonnell urged ministers to review the possibility of incorporating a bank financial transaction tax within the bank levy.
According to the 2010 tax review, the new resource levy should replace existing royalties that miners pay to state governments.
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It is a hard question to answer in Britain, where the new Labour government is poised to levy a windfall tax on privatised utilities, where the electricity regulator will impose a tighter cap on electricity distribution charges in 2000, and where competition in the supply of electricity to domestic consumers is due to start next year.
Compared to the income and general sales tax hikes, the Amazon levy is penny ante stuff.
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Unveiling Labour amendments to the legislation, shadow financial secretary Chris Leslie called for a review of the levy - and urged the government to introduce an additional tax on bankers' bonuses.
On tax, the industry argues that states that levy a lower tax on gambling actually receive larger tax revenues and a comparison between low-tax Nevada and New Jersey, and high-tax New York seems to support the argument.
Moreover, in some of the states with a levy, the amount of assets exempted from the tax has changed from year to year.
Ecuador has also proposed that OPEC levy a carbon tax at the oil wellhead, a concept devised by environmental economist Herman Daly.
The council tax levy for waste will be set next week and is expected to rise by 19% in Manchester and by an average of 14% in other Greater Manchester boroughs.
Roberts' gowns include a vermilion peacock creation so ornate it requires its own tax levy on the hard-pressed peasantry -- but Ishioka's genius is equally well displayed in the perfectly chosen headwear that goes a long way to distinguishing the personalities of the film's seven dwarfs.
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