In the judgement of Rakoff, not only does he disagree with the absolute value set by the use of FSG, but he is also known for giving credit, a lesser prison term, to those like Gupta who have shown that they have lived an honorable life up until the time of their offense.

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During the next decade, knowledge management lived a modest life, supporting IT professionals wanting to sweep up all that data and store it, and management consultants trying to help companies turn complex processes into competitive advantage.

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