Some provide early stage (seed) capital, while others come in with mezzanine or growth capital.

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In addition to telecoms, software and cyber security investing, the source, who spoke on the condition of anonymity, said Swarth engages in mezzanine lending, capital markets and algorithmic trading.

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It is much the same at KKR, which Kravis describes as a hub and spoke now that the firm has expanded into businesses like credit financing, mezzanine finance and capital markets.

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Funds abound, along with a parade of adjectives to describe them: impact investing, patient capital, and mezzanine finance.

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However, private investment vehicles, such as hedge funds, private equity funds, venture capital funds and mezzanine funds, also benefit from the JOBS Act.

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The Carlyle Group, for instance, encompasses not only a buy-out fund, but also venture capital, real estate, mezzanine loans and a fund focused on Asia.

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There is no junior debt in the capital structure, and that highlights another party fighting for business: mezzanine providers.

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