Designing so many microstructures manually would be a huge task, so the researchers apply an optimisation program, called a genetic algorithm, instead.

ECONOMIST: MONITOR

This uses a process of randomisation and trial-and-error (akin to mutation and selection in biological evolution) to search the vast number of possible microstructures to find the most suitable design for each subsection.

ECONOMIST: MONITOR

Steel alloys usually have orderly, lattice-like microstructures.

FORBES: Magazine Article