From the chemical composition, you have to work out the most likely mineralogy.
The samples were then tested on the Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) and Chemistry and Mineralogy (CheMin) instruments.
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These instruments will determine the rock sample's precise chemistry and mineralogy, and identify any interesting carbon chemistry that may be present.
In planned subsequent steps, the sample will be was sieved, and portions of it delivered to the Chemistry and Mineralogy instrument and the Sample Analysis at Mars instrument.
From CHIMRA, the samples will be sieved and delivered to two different instruments: the Chemistry and Mineralogy ( CheMin) instrument and the Sample Analysis at Mars ( SAM) instrument.
Powder from the drill was a gray-green color, meaning it was not highly oxidized, said David Blake, principal investigator for Curiosity's Chemistry and Mineralogy investigation at NASA's Ames Research Center.
Well, after scooping up some loose sand, Curiosity's Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) suite and the Chemistry and Mineralogy (CheMin) instruments found a menagerie of chemicals, including sulfur, chlorine, and traces of carbon-based materials.
For instance, Mawrth Vallis, one of the largest identified clay-rich regions on the Red Planet, exhibits a more uniform mineralogy pattern that indicates water was much more closely tied to surface processes on the planet.
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It contains many original manuscripts and rare copies of major works on history, literature, philosophy, law, astronomy, physics, chemistry, pharmacology, geography, music, mathematics, mineralogy, economy, fine arts, etc. written in Uzbek, Arabic, Farsi, Tajik, Urdu, Pushtu, Tatar, Azeri, Turkish, Turkmen, Uighur and other languages.
Although APXS and ChemCam will tell you which chemical elements are present, they don't tell you how precisely those atoms are arranged into the crystalline structures that make up the rock, and both this mineralogy and the chemical composition are ideally needed to assign a rock name.
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