This added to the dramatic impoverishment already inflicted by 50 years of military misrule.
But after 22 years of misrule, most Zimbabweans would rather vote for anyone other Mr Mugabe.
Two hundred years of self-serving misrule, isolation and environmental degradation have left the island nation staggering.
After decades of misrule, even the most competent officials are often suspected of pinching funds.
By wiping the slate clean, creditors may reward past misrule and provide the resources for future misgovernment.
Another 20 years of misrule venal coalition politics, delayed airports and roads, slums and rural poverty would be ruinous.
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Most Russians find it is simpler to pay a quick bribe than spend time fighting misrule in court.
Mr Mbeki's new frustration could signal that other African leaders are about to respond to Mr Mugabe's misrule.
When Patrick Lyons arrived in America he was fleeing famine compounded by centuries of oppression and misrule.
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Jaimy Gordon won the fiction award for Lord of Misrule, about a horseman's scheme to rescue his failing stable.
Close to 70% of the population live in poverty and traditional values have been eroded by years of misrule.
So plenty of voters may yet come to care more about development, misrule and corruption than about dalit solidarity.
The people of Iraq should not again be subjected to a repressive misrule.
On other issues Mr Ivanishvili has been full of spleen about misrule, but hazy about what he would do differently.
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"These institutions were created out of the experience of single party misrule under unionism and the abuse of power, " he said.
ZANU-PF party take over, leaving the apparatus of misrule untouched, the West would be foolish to rush in with misplaced kindness.
If misrule matters so much for development, should it reserve its money for committed reformers, turning its back on the reform-shy?
It won't be easy despite what critics call a record of misrule by the remote Mayawati, an icon for India's Dalits.
The government is even taking advantage of misrule in neighbouring Zimbabwe by inviting white farmers to bring in their capital and skills.
At present the country has little commercial agriculture or logging because of the state of its infrastructure, ruined by war and misrule.
Such misrule means Zimbabwe will remain isolated, without investment, aid or loans.
More regulation might possibly deter them from handling the proceeds of misrule.
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Even Mr Mugabe's own former secretary, Charles Utete, has produced an (unpublished) audit of the land reform programme that shows corruption and misrule.
This claim makes increasingly little sense to the three-quarters of Algerians who are under 30, many of them suffering from decades of economic misrule.
R. 3402 represents a well-meaning but seriously misguided response to the desperate economic condition wrought by forty-plus years of communist misrule in Poland and Hungary.
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Thanks to his misrule, Zimbabwe depends on South Africa's generosity for its electricity and on food aid to prevent many of its people from starving.
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As for India, past misrule in Kashmir has both weakened its case for running the place and stoked the discontent that allows Pakistan-backed extremism to thrive.
But numbed by the long years of misrule and poverty, it remains an open question how many of the country's 3m electors will even bother to vote.
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