The rise in the volume, variety, and velocity of data, the arrival of many new types of analytical tools all across the business intelligence value chain, and the emergence of new forms of computer science dedicated to data processing such as Hadoop, has created a vacuum.

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The report said the arrival of so many new peers in such a short space of time had had a "negative impact" upon the culture of the upper chamber.

BBC: House of Lords full, peers warn David Cameron

That was supposed to end this year, with the arrival of a new electoral council, to be staffed by independents, and automation of many polling booths.

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With German unification and the arrival in power of a new generation of leaders born after 1945, the French realise that Germany is shedding many of its former complexes, becoming more self-assured, assertive and nationalistic.

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