Using DNA sequencing and other techniques, they obtained genetic profiles from as many as nine places in one sample from the original tumor and three from sites where the tumor had spread, or metastasized.
Four of the six -- Erdogan, Klyuka, Yulamanova and Zinurova -- admitted their offense and waived their right to a "B" sample, meaning their original four-year bans were cut in half.
So Bruce Dohrenwend, the researcher in New York, went and found what he called a gold mine of data, actual combat records that allowed him to verify the claims of a sample of 260 veterans in the original study.
The original tribunal found that the player's level of Salbutamol was 20 times higher in the sample collected after the Toulouse game than was the case after the quarter-final tie against Leicester.
For the first time ever, the industry will take into account viewers who watch shows after their original airing on digital video recorders (homes with these devices make up some 20% of Nielsen's sample).