In Egypt, peak oil production was achieved in 1996 and it has been falling steadily ever since.
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That peak oil production is just around the corner, meaning global oil supply will begin an inexorable downward slide.
An ultimate peak in oil production is an inevitable consequence of a finite resource, and the gap will be sharply enlarged when it transpires.
In his new book, he points to two flaws in the argument that a peak in global oil production is coming, followed by decline: both technology and economics are ignored.
In the report, we produce data that suggests a peak of global oil production at less than 95 million barrels a day, up from some 85 million now, and we summarize fears that could result in a peak of less than 92 million, plus a steep fall beyond the peak, all at a time when demand is rising well in excess of 100 million barrels a day.
Also up there is the fallout from a global economic collapse, possibly resulting from a state of peak oil -- the point where oil production reaches its peak and thereafter goes into freefall.
The point here is that there are actually a number of different crude oil markets and peak production in one does not mean peak production in another.
Exxon's oil production slipped 1 percent as its oil fields experienced natural declines from peak production.
The discovery of shale oil means global oil production will not peak in the next 20 years, Mr Birol added.
Numbers like these have prompted fears that the world's oil production will soon peak, before succumbing to an inevitable decline.
The baleful thesis arises from concerns both that a cliff lies beyond any peak in production and that alternatives to oil will not be available.
It is certainly true that, against all predictions of peak oil, new technologies have helped drive a surge in US hydrocarbon production.
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And second, the new and growing boom in hydrocarbon production in the United States and elsewhere promises to push peak oil decades, if not centuries, into the future.
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Insofar as civilization's collapse is something we're bringing upon ourselves with a little help from world powers, Martin and his readers might relate to radical environmentalists or peak oil environmentalists, who subscribe to the theory that there is a date when petroleum production will max out and decline rapidly.
According to the research, carried out by consulting firm Arup, oil production levels will grow from the current 85 million barrels per day to peak at 95 million in about five years.
Once the world's sixth-biggest producer of oil and gas, Britain has seen production drop by around 40% since its peak of 4.5m barrels a day in 1999.
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Oil production is now 1.7m barrels a day, little more than half the peak reached a year after Mr Qaddafi seized power, in 1969.
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