He was also the founding editor-in-chief of the Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Dartmouth said.

CNN: Former Surgeon General C. Everett Koop dies at age 96

After graduating from Cornell Medical College in 1941, Dr. Koop opted for the then-unusual specialty of pediatric surgery.

WSJ: Former Surgeon General Koop Dies

He received his medical degree at Cornell Medical College, choosing pediatric surgery because so few surgeons practiced it.

WSJ: C. Everett Koop, ex-surgeon general, dies in NH

Koop received his medical degree at Cornell Medical College, choosing pediatric surgery because so few surgeons practiced it.

WSJ: Koop, who transformed surgeon general post, dies

Prior to his appointment, Koop was surgeon-in-chief at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, where he was a pioneer in the field of pediatric surgery.

CNN: Former Surgeon General C. Everett Koop dies at age 96

"This is not a cure, " said Dr. Scott Adzick, lead author of the study and the chief of pediatric surgery at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia.

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After their residencies, most young doctors today are going on to do fellowships, adding one to three further years of training in, say, laparoscopic surgery, or pediatric metabolic disorders, or breast radiology or critical care.

NEWYORKER: The Checklist

"They say, 'Well, we'll tell her it's just a cold, or it's just a virus, or we'll tell her she'll have surgery and then everything will be fine, '" said Dr. Lawrence Wolfe, a pediatric hematologist-oncologist at Long Island Jewish Medical Center in New York.

CNN: 'Honey, you're really sick'