In addition, it is not proven that the polio vaccine was the source of the SV40.
Most vaccines must be injected, but there are exceptions, such as the human oral polio vaccine.
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Some of the bizarre myths about the polio vaccine persist in Pakistan, but there are other problems too.
The oral polio vaccine is the type widely used all over the world today, as it is cheaper.
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The oral polio vaccine can - in very rare cases - trigger polio.
The absurd rumour that the polio vaccine is a Western plot to sterilise Muslims has stopped many Nigerians from inoculating their children.
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Effective monovalent OPVs were introduced in 2005 and, in 2010, the bivalent polio vaccine (bOPV) was introduced, helping curtail both P1 and P3.
The polio vaccine controversy shows the inability of the Nigerian government and the WHO in conveying appropriate vaccination messages to the Nigerian public.
The polio vaccine was given to at least one million people in what is now the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Rwanda and Burundi.
Dr Puliyel blames the polio vaccine for a sharp rise in India of cases of Acute Flaccid Paralysis - weakness or inability to move limbs.
Working under 150, 000 supervisors they administered Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV) to children in numbers equal to the entire population of Pakistan (almost 172 million under-five children).
Over the past decade 15 billion doses of polio vaccine drops have been given and there have been 200 confirmed cases of circulating vaccine-derived polio virus.
Without exception, of the vaccines given to their children over the first 15 months of life, the one they felt most comfortable with was the oral polio vaccine.
Diphtheria and inactivated polio vaccine have also been used extensively.
"They've seen us make progress and want to be part of our success, " says Daly, who likens his quest to that of Jonas Salk, who developed the polio vaccine.
And last autumn the government was forced to withdraw an oral polio vaccine after it became clear it had been developed from serum which could potentially have been infected with BSE.
Children should receive four doses of inactivated polio vaccine, delivered as an injection, at ages 2 months, 4 months, 6 to 18 months, and 4 to 6 years, according to the CDC.
Wyeth featured this interesting, and not so hypothetical case: What if lay jurors were allowed to decide whether it was reasonable for children to receive the Sabin polio vaccine instead of the Salk vaccine?
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After World War II, many celebrities pitched in to urge people to get the polio vaccine, says Paul Offit of Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, who's worked hard to debunk the notion that vaccines are harmful.
In addition, as the BBC's interview with the son of the man who invented the Polio vaccine showed, the particular vaccination being administered seems to have problems (it seems to have the opposite effect than intended).
If the vaccinators did use chimp kidneys to make their polio vaccine in a Congolese lab near what is now called Kisingani, Hahn says would not have been of the subspecies that harbors the pandemic virus ancestor.
Remember the polio vaccine case above.
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Polio is a vaccine-preventable disease that has been eradicated in most countries, but it still causes paralysis or death in some parts of the world, including Nigeria, Pakistan and Afghanistan.
Doctors have to spend more time educating parents about the tremendous benefit of vaccines, about the very strong evidence (based on tens of millions of doses) for vaccine safety, and about the frightening consequences of infection with meningitis, hepatitis, measles, polio, and other vaccine-preventable diseases.
In the event, the government used the Sabin vaccine until polio was eliminated, then switched over to the Salk.
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And make no mistake about it: if measles, whooping cough, polio, and other vaccine-preventable diseases return, children will die.
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The March of Dimes is a good example of how an early example of crowd funding helped lead to a vaccine for polio.
But the injected killed virus version is what's given in the United States today because of the rare instances of people developing polio from the oral vaccine.
It sounds like summer camp, but Warm Springs was in fact a retreat with a mission: to heal the spirits and bodies of Americans who'd been afflicted with polio before the Salk vaccine was developed in 1954.
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