So was Mr Dobson pushed, or was he lured by a promise of future preferment?
Colleagues vie with each other for preferment, yet must collaborate closely to fend off competition from without.
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But, once entrenched, job-preferment policies tend to benefit the better off, become meaninglessly broad and hard to undo.
For every company that discriminates against Gypsies, others are trying out job preferment.
IPAN's Mr Desai says that they would be unworkable, but that some managers are beginning to see job-preferment as good for business.
Amit Mitra, of the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry, supports similar schemes, as well as preferment schemes by banks.
At 45, he is young enough to ensure that his preferment would raise the hackles of fellow officers at such perceived nepotism.
Mr Qarase favours preferment programmes for indigenous Fijians, the transfer of state lands to native landowners and the cancellation of compensation to evicted Indian sugarcane farmers.
Mr Graglia, who has taught at the university for 30 years, issued a semi-retraction, emphasising the importance of equal opportunity but standing by his opposition to racial preferment.
There are a significant number of Labour AMs who have little chance of - or interest in - ministerial preferment and every intention of ensuring that they're not cast in the position of defending what they would see as the indefensible for their local hospital.
Denied preferment by Harold Wilson for advocating a devaluation before the government was forced into one on less favourable terms, he became one of the closest younger associates of Roy Jenkins of whom he has drawn perhaps the most subtle portrait, regrettably omitted from this collection of essays.
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