Russia is Europe's primary energy supplier, and the new pipeline is likely to increase that dependence.
There is, in short, nothing new under the sun in the physics of primary energy sources.
In 1949 nearly 91% of America's total primary energy came from coal, oil, and natural gas.
The future is coal-based: half of Asia's primary energy consumption, and 70% of China's, is coal.
In reality, what they wanted to replace was not the grid, but rather the primary energy source.
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The aim: increase the non-fossil fuel supply component to 15% of the total primary energy demand by 2020.
The breakdown of primary energy was coal 23 percent, oil 44 percent, gas 17 percent, and other 17 percent.
Bioenergy is also a crucial element in the country's energy sector, supplying almost 20% of total primary energy consumption.
Meantime Hanson will hunt for more growth in overseas markets--now 40% of sales--where coal accounts for 22% of primary energy consumption.
The European Union has set a 2010 target of doubling to 12% the fraction of primary energy coming from renewable sources.
The estimates of total primary energy consumption are those of the EIA. For GDP figures, the EIA used data from Global Insight.
It makes sense for Iberdrola to focus particularly on its home continent, since the European Union wants 12% of Europe's primary energy coming from renewable sources by 2010.
What it does have (and must have, as a starting point for the diamonds) is lots of coal: dirty, high-sulfur-content coal, which feeds 75% of the country's primary energy requirements.
By 2008 the market share for coal, oil and natural gas, along with nuclear, had grown to 92.5% of total primary energy in the U.S. with the remainder coming from renewables.
And yet only nuclear power, which went from zero to about 8.5% of the U.S. primary energy over that time frame, has managed to steal significant market share from coal, oil and natural gas.
He told the Resource 2012 forum on water, food and energy scarcity that the development of shale oil and gas was "quite extraordinary", and that the world was now entering the "latest age of primary energy".
And, because the economic value is high, markets want more and consequently drive energy demand in large measure without regard to primary fuel cost--the cost of energy fades in to the twilight.
There are three primary areas of importance: energy efficiency, investing in renewable energy and clean, conventional generation of energy.
Fabricated metal products will have a small boost from a drop in primary metals prices that cheap energy costs will trigger.
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Primary aluminum production is notoriously energy-intense.
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As bolstering the Russian energy sector represents a strategic initiative, such lending activities should be put on ice pending a thorough assessment of the prospect that the primary beneficiary of newly generated energy export earnings would be the still-menacing ex-Soviet military and its associated industrial complex.
Few flexmex projects of any meaningful scale address CO2 emissions from energy production, the primary contributor to global warming.
You can bet that the Chinese master planners are not considering energy jobs as the primary or long-term source of employment, green or otherwise.
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Lara also led the development of the Fisher Investments On series, a collection of educational guides published by Wiley covering the primary investment sectors from energy to consumer staples to health care with in-depth analysis on the economic, political, and sentiment forces influencing each.
In July, Denmark announced plans to deploy the world's most extensive smart-grid infrastructure, which could make distributed energy the country's primary source of electricity before long.
Instead, they say, the primary active ingredient in Monster and other carbonated energy drinks is caffeine.
Taking into account labor, materials, transportation, and energy costs, the chemicals, primary metals, and heavy equipment manufacturing industries stand to benefit most from maintaining or expanding facilities in the U.S. Companies in wood, plastic, and rubber products could also benefit significantly, but their lower net imports might limit their benefits from on-shoring.
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The primary argument against taking advantage of our affordable conventional energy sources is the emissions from conventional power plants.
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Gwaun Cae Gurwen Primary School is part of the Awel Aman Tawe energy project which is trying to set up a community windfarm.
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Traditionally people have believed that a lot of energy within the ecosystem is dependent on primary production of phytoplankton but we believe recycling has a strong input.
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