And the new proportional representation system would give Tory rebels a better chance of winning seats as an independent party.
The election is based on a proportional representation system that requires voters to select a party's list of candidates rather than one specific individual.
Israel would have to consider its electoral laws and weigh the prospect of moving from a proportional representation system to a direct, district system.
The way the chamber of deputies is formed - by an open-list proportional representation system - makes it easier for celebrity candidates to win office.
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In Congress, it should be the largest party in the lower house (despite the electronic vote, the Electoral Tribunal takes several days to confirm the allocation of seats under Brazil's complicated proportional representation system).
He also hit out at the present proportional representation system for voting for assembly members which he described as leading to "perverse outcomes", with candidates defeated in a first-past-the-post system getting in under the regional list ballot.
But even in the geographically-based constituencies, a complicated proportional representation system means that on Hong Kong island itself, for example, the pro-government camp won three of the six available seats despite getting less than 40% of the votes.
Much of Labour's support, however, stems from disenchantment with the first government to be elected under the now unpopular proportional-representation system.
He also called for a full proportional representation voting system, which he said would mean his party would come second or third in the next general election.
By early morning, after all the votes had been counted and 46 parliamentary seats allocated under the proportional-representation system, the GNP had emerged with 133 seats, just four short of a majority.
Just as predictably, his weaknesses were stultifying rhetoric (phrases such as "net inward migration" and "proportional representation list system" abounded) and an inability to think on his feet (he struggled to respond to Mr Cameron's frequent attacks on his tax plans).
Because, under Germany's system of proportional representation, the Greens got 47 parliamentary seats, but under France's majority-voting system its Greens, the main environmental party, got a mere half-dozen.
Assuming it has passed, there will now be a fresh general election, in December, with a more proportional system of representation, in which many more Sunnis are expected to participate.
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But because Conservatives fear that they would not win an outright majority in a proportional representation (PR) system, the Lib Dems could secure only a more modest prize: a referendum on keeping FPTP or adopting the alternative vote (AV).
Sri Lanka's system of proportional representation makes the magical two-thirds majority hard to reach.
Thirty-two parties were competing under a system of proportional representation for the 120-member Knesset.
Northern Ireland will elect three members under a separate system of proportional representation, the single-transferable vote.
Mr Narayan also argues for a system of proportional representation to break the link between constituency and candidate.
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Post-apartheid South Africa uses a list system of proportional representation (PR) and it has had various coalitions since 1994.
Lok Raj Baral, a political scientist, says that in a system of proportional representation some of the Brahmin politicians on whom the parties depend must lose out.
New Zealanders seem to have mastered some of the intricacies of their German-style system of proportional representation, which had been blamed for producing the previous unstable government.
The justification for the Israel's system of proportional representation is that the state is still undergoing far-reaching and rapid changes in the population make-up as a result of immigration.
It meant that although the BNP came fifth in the popular vote for the area, it won a seat through the system of proportional representation used in the European elections.
However, because the elections are being fought under a new system of proportional representation, the overall number of Tory seats will rise, which should help Mr Hague put a positive gloss on the results.
Messrs Zeman and Klaus, whose parties together won 60% of the vote and 137 of parliament's 200 seats, want to amend the constitution so as to change the voting system from proportional representation to first-past-the-post.
Mr Kennedy says he expects Labour to honour its pledge but he strenuously denies any suggestion of a pre-election pact between himself and the prime minister to introduce the lesser form of proportional representation - the Alternative Vote system.
In Ireland's last general election, the party polled 2.7% of the vote a big improvement on previous performances, and enough under the republic's system of proportional representation in five-member constituencies to give the party its first seat in the Dail.
Whatever the outcome of the referendum, Sunni representation in the next parliament will rise, due to improvements in the voting system to make representation more proportional and because more Sunni groups are expected to take part in December's general election than did so in January's.
Paradoxically, an electoral system based on proportional representation, which led to Mr Prodi's unwieldy nine-party coalition, has produced something resembling a two-party legislature familiar in America or Britain.
It was in 2004 that Colorado Democrats recognized that they could take a major step towards locking in the state for Democratic presidential candidate John Kerry if they could succeed in scraping their own winner-take-all system and bring proportional representation to the electoral vote in Colorado.
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