Make trade-offs between protecting a small constituent group (say, pensioners or investors) over a larger (current employees or society).

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The vaccine was 9% effective in protecting people in that age group.

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This is a deeply held survival mechanism: when we see that the leader is doing his or her best to share whatever resources exist within the group so that as many as possible can survive and thrive, we take it as an important signal that the leader cares more about the success of the group than about protecting him or herself.

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"As of mid-March, only a narrow strip of shelf ice was protecting several thousand kilometers of potential further break-up, " the group said.

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As patterns of diversity between one taxonomic group and another do not always align well with each other, conservation priorities may well overemphasise protecting familiar species.

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Brennand and Whitendale Focus Group's John Wells said the programme would help solve "environmental problems caused by unsustainable abstraction, protecting water levels and improving habitats".

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