The ones that do not pay interest compensate the buyers with a significantly higher redemption value.

FORBES: 3 Bonds You May Have Never Heard Of

Some people are obsessed with mastering the art of booking affordable plane tickets, from squeezing the maximum redemption value out of frequent flyer miles to sussing out hidden discounts for those travelling with an infant, pet or large musical instrument.

BBC: Need a flight? Start a contest

But its stock isn't listed on an exchange, its redemption price is minimal, and it doesn't appreciate in value, according to the team's website.

WSJ: Manchester United IPO Fails to Excite the Crowds

In the hopper are suggestions around floating net asset value, like other mutual funds, or adding in capital buffers and redemption controls.

FORBES: Framing the Money Market Mutual Fund Debate

Crucially, however, unlike the bank's shareholders, these creditors have no interest in the upside potential of a gamble for redemption: however that punt turns out, the most they can receive is the value of their fixed claim.

ECONOMIST: Economics focus