Nalin recognized that the volume of oral rehydration therapy required isn't the same for every patient.
Oral rehydration fluids, at 25 cents per treatment, can prevent many of another 1.6 million deaths from severe diarrhea.
Cholera is a sort of extreme diarrhoea, which can kill people within hours if rehydration is not carried out quickly.
Those who catch the bug are advised to have plenty of non-alcoholic, non-milky drinks and also take oral rehydration solutions.
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But it provides basic services like generic antibiotics, rehydration fluids for diarrhea, malaria medicines, insecticide-treated bed nets and, beginning soon, AIDS drugs.
No vaccine or specific treatment is available for dengue, although severe cases may require patients to need intravenous rehydration to ensure adequate levels of body fluid.
The Queen's treatment, which has not been disclosed, may have included rehydration and tests to establish if the illness was caused by an infection or an underlying problem.
Campaigns targeting childhood diarrhoea in the 1970s and 1980s achieved success by scaling up the use of oral rehydration solution (ORS) to prevent dehydration and by educating caregivers.
Potential investors are also being scared off by cholera, even though it can be easily prevented with good sanitation and clean drinking water (or treated by oral rehydration).
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Gains need to be maintained and financing for buying and distributing the essential commodities such as pediatric amoxicillin, long-lasting insecticidal mosquito nets (LLINs), anti-malarial treatment, oral-rehydration treatment and zinc, needs to be sustained.
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"The devastating conditions suffered by the Bangladeshi refugees as they fled the war with Pakistan offered ORT (oral rehydration therapy) its definitive test, " according to an August 2003 paper published in the journal Clinical Infectious Diseases.
The introduction of rehydration salts 20 years ago had had a significant impact, he said, but again there were problems with access in developing countries, where there was also no guarantee of clean water to prepare them for use.
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