On channel boosters quickly receive the OTA signal from the main tower and retransmit the signal on the same frequency.

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As a result, broadcast networks have been especially aggressive in pushing for higher fees from pay-TV providers that retransmit their content.

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Initially, only cable companies could afford the huge antennas required to capture those signals , which they would then retransmit to fee-paying subscribers.

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After the Supreme Court decided that cable-TV systems could retransmit broadcast signals without violating copyright laws, Congress in 1976 revised the law to require broadcasters to provide compulsory licenses to their cable counterparts.

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When you go to the west of the Mississippi River, they're actually going to have to take sand from offshore, actually deposit it on the seabed and then retransmit it to make the berms on the islands.

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He thinks this will have far-reaching implications for the networks, crippling them in their negotiations with cable and satellite systems, which only in the last few years have agreed to start paying fees to retransmit their signals.

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Ivi tried to argue it was a cable-TV network for the purposes of these retransmission rights, because an exception to the Copyright Act gives cable operators the right to retransmit if they pay fees set by the Copyright Royalty Board, an arm of the Library of Congress.

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