Caldas at the Cambridge Research Institute, where they utilise genomic tools to study RNA in breast cancer.
RNA. It also has a part that likes to bind chemically to the appropriate amino acid.
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By binding to RNA, antisense prevents proteins involved in disease from ever being created.
The polymerase helps the virus churn out millions of copies of its RNA genetic material.
The RNA was extracted from the twig of a diseased tree in Ashwellthorpe wood in Norfolk.
Experts sequenced the RNA of the fungus, which was mixed up with that of the plant.
Second, the researchers sequenced only RNA, not DNA, meaning they might have missed some types of bacteria.
It turned out that the RNA Mello was putting into the worms was actually blocking RNA messages.
Antisense instead binds to the RNA messenger molecules that ferry genetic information from the DNA to the cell.
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One way in which this occurs is through "RNA interference", which involves the introduction of double-stranded RNA molecules.
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These trigger the degradation of another type of RNA molecule known as messenger RNA (mRNA), "down-regulating" the gene.
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Far from being silent relics, many pseudogenes are transcribed into RNA, some exhibiting a tissue-specific pattern of activation.
RpoB is involved in translating DNA into RNA. Both, like the genes for ribosomal RNA, are old and ubiquitous.
RNA, the output molecule of the computation is able to affect the levels of expression of the diseased genes.
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When Isis' antisense strand latched on there, it activated an enzyme that destroys the RNA that codes for PKC-alpha.
He tried putting in pieces of RNA, and found that they were able to shut off genes pretty much entirely.
Sometimes it means explaining economic concepts to researchers who may be brilliant at RNA synthesis but know nothing about finance.
The theory is that big differences come from the way in which certain RNA molecules copy DNA sequences into proteins.
Basically, it involves using a small hairpin shaped snippet of RNA to turn off a single gene at a time.
Michelson has a hunch that RNA interference may also be key to creating an injectable method of sterilizing cats and dogs.
Instructions are transcribed from the sense strand onto a third strand, called messenger RNA, which becomes a template for making proteins.
Technicians dipped each slice in an RNA solution that stained cells containing a single sequence of RNA in a particular color.
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It's possible, Gingeras says, that many of these RNA-coding regions regulate how genes make proteins--a function that could make them very important.
But before a gene can make a protein, it must be transcribed onto a molecule called RNA. Researchers at Santa Clara, Calif.
These genes make RNA that, instead of making a protein, works to keep other RNA floating in the cell from making proteins.
In fact, all of biology is based on just four sorts of so-called information polymers - proteins, DNA, RNA and also carbohydrates.
Michelson started focusing on an area of genetic research called RNA interference.
He's one of the people credited with discovering RNA interference in animals.
In 1995 DuPont and Genencor began using sophisticated gene chips that let them study RNA activity inside the nucleus of E. coli bacteria.
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