So far, the response from the Southern African Development Community (SADC), a regional club of 14 countries, has been muted.
The 15-country Southern African Development Community (SADC), which has been trying to break the impasse, does not carry much weight with either side.
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Later, an observer team from the Southern African Development Community (Sadc) was held for some 45 minutes by Zanu-PF supporters at a farm about 20km (13 miles) outside Karoi.
The leader of the Southern African Development Community (SADC) team of observers, Tanzanian Foreign Minister Bernard Membe, has called for those running in the elections to show tolerance and moderation.
Yet Swaziland chairs the body dealing with peace and security for the Southern African Development Community (SADC), a regional club of 15 countries that has been mandated to bring democracy to Zimbabwe.
Mr Mwanawasa, the current chairman of the Southern African Development Community (Sadc), said he sympathised with Zimbabwean opposition leader Morgan Tsvangirai when he withdrew from the presidential election because of political violence against his supporters.
If it cannot, the disputes are to be referred first to the Southern African Development Community (SADC), a 15-member regional group which, after months of deadlock, succeeded in ramming the deal through on January 28th.
Mr Mumbengegwi said Zimbabwe had already invited observers from the African Union (AU) and two regional bodies, the Southern African Development Community (Sadc) and the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (Comesa), to monitor the referendum.
But more weight than usual will be given to the verdict of monitors from the Southern African Development Community (SADC), a club of 15 countries, which has endorsed Zimbabwe's previous flawed elections out of solidarity for a fellow member.
This he has done, repeatedly, demanding new elections first in 2010, then in 2011 and now before the end of this year, whether or not electoral reforms and a new constitution are in place by then, as required under the power-sharing pact, drawn up in 2008 under the auspices of the Southern African Development Community (SADC), a 15-member regional club, following the MDC's victory in the polls earlier that year.
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