The basic transition, racial transition that we see in our cities took place whether or not there was school desegregation.
The court wrapped up its session yesterday, overturning two school desegregation plans.
It's basically housing driven, and we see it in cities like Chicago, Atlanta, New York, Philadelphia, LA, that never had significant school desegregation.
In 1958, Justice John Marshall Harlan echoed a similar sentiment when the Court deliberated its first major case involving school desegregation since the 1954 Brown v.
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And this term, the court limited voluntary school desegregation plans in public schools and that's just three years after the court upheld affirmative action in higher education.
And people mixed up that housing transition with school desegregation.
Among the under-30 set, Pew says, 16% thought the case dealt with school desegregation, and 41% either said it dealt with another issue or had no idea what it dealt with.
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In comparison, 7% of all adults polled incorrectly associated the decision with school desegregation, 5% associated it with the death penalty, and 5% more thought the ruling dealt with environmental protection, according to a Pew report.
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The Louisville school district had done so even after court-ordered desegregation was lifted in 2000.
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In the early 1980s, it sued two other local school districts and the state of Arkansas for practices that hindered desegregation, and sought consolidation of the districts.
Local administrators today are focusing on attainable desegregation goals, Orfield says, such as continuing magnet school and student transfer programs.
"They've been defeated with certain desegregation efforts, " acknowledges Harvard's Gary Orfield of the Little Rock School District.
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