Sea-level fluctuations are monitored, severe weather warnings are issued and long-term weather forecasts are prepared with the help of satellites.
After the severe weather, a cold-weather system could bring snow and freezing rain to the Midwest, beginning Wednesday, and the threat of extremely cold weather in the northern Plains states and Upper Midwest, particularly on Thursday.
The storm was so fierce that the Weather Channel's Mike Bettes, known for his on-the-ground severe weather reports, said his Tornado Hunt vehicle was thrown about 200 yards.
What health scientists are telling us is that climate change will bring increased asthma, more virulent allergens, medical emergencies from heat stress, the spread of water- and vector-borne diseases and increased severe weather events.
FORBES: What does Climate Change Have to Do With Health Care?
Snow gates have been installed on a trans-Pennine road, to improve safety during severe weather.
We do know that there have been extraordinarily -- there have been an extraordinarily large number of severe weather events here in North America, but also around the globe.
The Scottish government has also convened an agricultural task force to co-ordinate efforts to support farmers hit by the latest severe weather.
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The report also urged the Ministry of Defence to plan for the loss or degradation of satellite-based communications systems in case they are damaged by severe space weather.
That comes on top of two disaster declarations previously in his administration -- one in 2009 and one in 2010, involving snowstorms and other severe weather.
"My Department, the Health and Social Care Board, the Public Health Agency and the trusts have been in daily contact since mid-December to ensure an effective coordinated response to the pressures arising from the severe weather conditions, " he said.
In theory, therefore, the earth's temperature should be on the rise--with potentially disastrous consequences that could include inundated coastlines, drastically altered weather, severe disturbances to agriculture, and tropical diseases' pushing into new territory.
The Met Office has issued a severe weather warning for South East England for Friday, warning of snow throughout the region - including much of East and West Sussex - and a danger of some drifting.
ScotRail announced that a reduced timetable would operate on the Edinburgh-Glasgow Queen Street line and on selected routes in and out of Glasgow Central because of the severe weather conditions.
The MPs heard from the Met Office that the decline in sea ice is part of a long-term trend, although this year's very severe melt was likely to have been accelerated by local weather conditions.
Even those in the National Weather Center -- a building on the University of Oklahoma campus with tenants that include the National Severe Storms Laboratory and NOAA's Storm Prediction Center -- "have been urged to stay away from windows due to potential for 80-90 mph winds, " according to a tweet from weather service's Norman office, which also is based in the building.
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